用C语言写一个无屏闪、可扩展的贪吃蛇游戏。
1.前提条件
编程语言：C
操作系统：windows11
编程环境：Microsoft Visual Studio Professional 2022 (64 位) - Current 版本 17.3.3
2.效果展示
3.完整代码
main.c文件
#include "stdio.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "windows.h"
#include "conio.h"
#include "time.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "log/src/log.h"
#define SNAKE_MAP_H 25
#define SNAKE_MAP_W 75
#define SNAKE_INIT_POS_X SNAKE_MAP_W / 12
#define SNAKE_INIT_POS_Y SNAKE_MAP_H / 2
#define SNAKE_MOVE_SPEED 100 // 用于控制蛇移动速度
#define SNAKE_CURSOR_SIZE 1 // [1-100]
#define SNAKE_INIT_LEN 4
enum snake_add_food {
SNAKE_FOOD_NONE,
SNAKE_FOOD_DOLLAR,
};
enum snake_direction {
SNAKE_DIR_NONE,
SNAKE_DIR_UP,
SNAKE_DIR_DOWN,
SNAKE_DIR_LEFT,
SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT,
};
enum sanke_status {
SNAKE_STATUS_NONE,
SNAKE_STATUS_START,
SNAKE_STATUS_PAUSE,
SNAKE_STATUS_KILL_BY_SELF,
SNAKE_STATUS_KILL_BY_WALL,
SNAKE_STATUS_ESC,
SNAKE_STATUS_END,
};
typedef struct {
int x[SNAKE_MAP_H * SNAKE_MAP_W]; // 蛇身x
int y[SNAKE_MAP_H * SNAKE_MAP_W]; // 蛇身y
int len; // 蛇长
enum snake_direction dir; // 蛇方向
enum snake_status status; // 蛇的状态
BOOL iseat; // 蛇是否吃到食物，1：吃到了
} snake_object_t;
void snake_init(void);
void snake_task(void);
static void snake_gotoxy(int x, int y);
static void snake_draw_map_init(void);
static void snake_param_init(void);
static BOOL snake_is_key_start(void);
static void snake_draw_snake(void);
static void snake_key_scan(void);
static void snake_move(void);
static BOOL snake_is_kill_by_wall(void);
static BOOL snake_is_invalid_food(int x, int y);
static void snake_add_food(void);
static int g_snake_map[SNAKE_MAP_H][SNAKE_MAP_W]; // 地图数组，用于存放蛇的食物
static snake_object_t g_snake;
static void snake_gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
if (x < 0 || y < 0) {
return;
}
COORD position = {x, y};
if (!SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), position)) {
log_error("SetConsoleCursorPosition fail");
}
}
static void snake_draw_map_init(void)
{
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < SNAKE_MAP_H; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < SNAKE_MAP_W; j++) {
if(i == 0 || j == 0 || i == SNAKE_MAP_H - 1 || j == SNAKE_MAP_W - 1) {
SNAKE_PRINT("#");
} else {
SNAKE_PRINT(" ");
}
}
SNAKE_PRINT("\n");
}
for (i = 0; i < SNAKE_MAP_W; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < SNAKE_MAP_H; j++) {
g_snake_map[i][j] = SNAKE_FOOD_NONE;
}
}
}
static void snake_param_init(void)
{
int i;
g_snake.x[0] = SNAKE_INIT_POS_X;
g_snake.y[0] = SNAKE_INIT_POS_Y;
for (i = 1; i < SNAKE_INIT_LEN; i++) {
g_snake.x[i] = g_snake.x[0] - i;
g_snake.y[i] = g_snake.y[0];
}
g_snake.len = SNAKE_INIT_LEN;
g_snake.dir = SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT;
g_snake.status = SNAKE_STATUS_NONE;
g_snake.iseat = FALSE;
}
static BOOL snake_is_key_start(void)
{
if (_kbhit() != 0) {
int in;
while (!_kbhit() == 0) {
in = _getch();
}
switch (in) {
case 'w':
case 'W':
g_snake.dir = SNAKE_DIR_UP;
g_snake.status = SNAKE_STATUS_START;
return TRUE;
case 's':
case 'S':
g_snake.dir = SNAKE_DIR_DOWN;
g_snake.status = SNAKE_STATUS_START;
return TRUE;
case 'd':
case 'D':
g_snake.dir = SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT;
g_snake.status = SNAKE_STATUS_START;
return TRUE;
default:
break;
}
}
return FALSE;
}
void snake_init(void)
{
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cursor_info = {SNAKE_CURSOR_SIZE, FALSE};
if (!SetConsoleCursorInfo(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), &cursor_info)) { // 隐藏光标
log_error("SetConsoleCursorInfo fail");
}
snake_gotoxy(0, 0); // 光标初始位置
snake_draw_map_init();
snake_param_init();
snake_draw_snake();
srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); // 初始化随机数发生器
// 添加初始食物
g_snake_map[SNAKE_MAP_W / 2][SNAKE_MAP_H / 2] = SNAKE_FOOD_DOLLAR;
snake_gotoxy(SNAKE_MAP_W / 2, SNAKE_MAP_H / 2);
SNAKE_PRINT("$");
snake_gotoxy(0, SNAKE_MAP_H);
log_info("Snake init success, please press a/s/d/w to start!");
snake_gotoxy(0, 0);
while (!snake_is_key_start()) {
}
}
static void snake_draw_snake(void)
{
int i = 0;
snake_gotoxy(g_snake.x[0], g_snake.y[0]);
SNAKE_PRINT("@");
for (i = 1; i < g_snake.len; i++) {
snake_gotoxy(g_snake.x[i], g_snake.y[i]);
SNAKE_PRINT("O");
}
}
static void snake_key_scan(void)
{
if (_kbhit() != 0) {
int in;
while (!_kbhit() == 0) {
in = _getch();
}
switch (in) {
case 'w':
case 'W':
if (g_snake.dir != SNAKE_DIR_DOWN) {
g_snake.dir = SNAKE_DIR_UP;
log_trace("W");
}
break;
case 's':
case 'S':
if (g_snake.dir != SNAKE_DIR_UP) {
g_snake.dir = SNAKE_DIR_DOWN;
log_trace("S");
}
break;
case 'a':
case 'A':
if (g_snake.dir != SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT) {
g_snake.dir = SNAKE_DIR_LEFT;
log_trace("A");
}
break;
case 'd':
case 'D':
if (g_snake.dir != SNAKE_DIR_LEFT) {
g_snake.dir = SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT;
log_trace("D");
}
break;
case 'p':
case 'P':
snake_gotoxy(0, SNAKE_MAP_H + 1);
system("pause");
snake_gotoxy(0, SNAKE_MAP_H + 1);
SNAKE_PRINT("\33[2K\r");
break;
default:
log_trace("INVALID KEY");
break;
}
}
}
static void snake_move(void)
{
int i;
snake_gotoxy(g_snake.x[g_snake.len - 1], g_snake.y[g_snake.len - 1]);
SNAKE_PRINT(" ");
if (g_snake.iseat) {
g_snake.len++;
g_snake.iseat = FALSE;
}
for (i = g_snake.len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
g_snake.x[i] = g_snake.x[i - 1];
g_snake.y[i] = g_snake.y[i - 1];
}
switch (g_snake.dir) {
case SNAKE_DIR_UP:
g_snake.y[0]--;
log_trace("U-");
break;
case SNAKE_DIR_DOWN:
g_snake.y[0]++;
log_trace("D+");
break;
case SNAKE_DIR_LEFT:
g_snake.x[0]--;
log_trace("L-");
break;
case SNAKE_DIR_RIGHT:
g_snake.x[0]++;
log_trace("R+");
break;
default:
log_trace("INVALID DIR");
break;
}
}
static BOOL snake_is_kill_by_wall(void)
{
if (g_snake.x[0] == 0 || g_snake.y[0] == 0 || g_snake.x[0] == SNAKE_MAP_W ||
g_snake.y[0] == SNAKE_MAP_H) {
return TRUE;
}
return FALSE;
}
static BOOL snake_is_invalid_food(int x, int y)
{
int i;
if (g_snake_map[x][y] == SNAKE_FOOD_DOLLAR) {
return TRUE;
}
for (i = 0; i < g_snake.len; i++) {
if (g_snake.x[i] == x && g_snake.y[i] == y) {
return TRUE;
}
}
return FALSE;
}
static void snake_add_food(void)
{
int i, j;
do {
i = rand() % (SNAKE_MAP_W - 2) + 1; // 范围：1~SNAKE_MAP_W-2
j = rand() % (SNAKE_MAP_H - 2) + 1; // 范围：1~SANKE_MAP_H-2
log_trace("i=%d, j=%d", i, j);
} while (snake_is_invalid_food(i, j));
g_snake_map[i][j] = SNAKE_FOOD_DOLLAR;
snake_gotoxy(i, j);
SNAKE_PRINT("$");
}
void snake_task(void)
{
if (snake_is_kill_by_wall()) {
system("cls");
snake_gotoxy(SNAKE_MAP_W / 2, SNAKE_MAP_H / 2);
SNAKE_PRINT("GAME OVER!");
_getch();
exit(-1);
}
snake_draw_snake();
Sleep(SNAKE_MOVE_SPEED);
snake_key_scan();
snake_move();
if (g_snake_map[g_snake.x[0]][g_snake.y[0]] == SNAKE_FOOD_DOLLAR) {
snake_add_food();
g_snake_map[g_snake.x[0]][g_snake.y[0]] = SNAKE_FOOD_NONE;
g_snake.iseat = TRUE;
}
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
log_set_level(LOG_INFO);
snake_init();
while (1) {
snake_task();
}
return 0;
}
4.参考文章
c语言贪吃蛇详解3.让蛇动起来
双缓冲解决控制台应用程序输出“闪屏”（C/C++，Windows）
【C语言】控制台窗口图形界面编程（六）：光标设置
Microsoft 技术文档
5.代码仓
新增运行于WSL Ubuntu 20.04.5 LTS环境
https://github.com/eezhijun/game/blob/master/src/demo/snake/snake.c
2022/10/1
推荐新增log日志系统